Comprehensive study of ULF upstream waves observed in the topside ionosphere by CHAMP and on the ground
Based on magnetic field measurements from the satellite CHAMP, a detailed picture could be obtained of the upstream wave (UW) distribution in the topside ionosphere.The low, near-polar orbit of CHAMP, covering all local times, allows the global distribution of this type of pulsation to be revealed.The observations from space are compared to recordi